James



` UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES P. KENYON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

HYDRANT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 225,934, dated March 30, 1880.

Application filed December 30, 1879. Y

Y To all whom fit may concern:

Be it known that l, JAMES P. KENYON, of the city of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Hydrant, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a view of the upper part of the hydrant, the section being vertically through the middle of the spout and all the other cooperating parts. Fig. 2, also a vertical midsecton, shows the form and adaptation of the cylinder and plunger, with the wasteway, port, waste-gutter, water-way, front fastening, 1', &c. Fig. 3 is a top view of the cylinder in the line ofy y', Fig. 2, showing the Harige that overlaps the bore of the post, the wings through which the cylinder is partly attached to the post by screws, the wasteway, and the three ribs to keep the cylinder concentric with the bore of the post. Fig. 4 is a vertical crosssection and front view of the open lug f and rocker e, showing how the latter rides upon and within the former.

The stick from which the post a or body of the hydrant is made is preferred to be seven inches square by a length suitable to the situation-say from five to six feet, or more. It is rst centally bored from end to end with an inch-and-half auger 5 then, somewhat less than one-third of its length, is turned to a five-inchand-three-quarters diameter; arabbet is made to receive the cap c, a slot is cut to admit the spout d, and the part under the latter is bored with a downward slant, as shown at it.

For the sake of neatness, compactness, and pleasure in use, a handle has been superseded by the knob b, which is secured from withdrawal by a shouldered and riveted pin through its stein, near the lower end, (indicated by dotted lines,) said stem being of wrought-iron, grooved at its upper end, as shown, to secure its firm union with the cast-iron head in molding. The manner in which the pressure on bis transmitted by the rocker e to the spout cl is seen at a glance. The open lugf and springguide g are cast on the cap c, and the latter is thinned in front, as shown at that point, to give a square upper seat for the spring t', the tension of which, when compressed, must be sufficient to overcome the pressure on the face or rim of the plunger, and yet become almost inactive at the end of the closing stroke. The rocker e is so curved on its under side as to fit the lower or cross part of f. It is passed to its place by inserting its rear or inner end before attaching the knob.

The socket j, which holds the spring, is cast on d, as shown, and has a projection, h, to transmit the lift of the rocker to the plunger t. rlhe fin lc under d overlaps the sidesand bottom of' the spout-slot, andis designed to keep said slot covered when the stroke is up.

The cylinder m is formed, as shown, with a water-way, q, a port, n, a wasteway, o, and a waste-gutter, p. The top is beveled out to facilitate the entrance ot' the plunger. The three projections a :v (shown in Fig. 3) are ribs, which secure a concentricty of the cylinder with the bore of the post. They extend from the iiange to above the top oi' the cylinder, and have the bevel of the latter continued to their tips, as indicated by dotted lines on the left-hand of the cylinder in Fig. 2. The port n has an area quite as large as that of the tap in the main. In form, it is wide at the top, tapering to a point at the bottom, to render the closure as gradual as possible.

The ring encircling the ribs .r w m, Fig. 3, indicates the bore of the post, and the outer circle the ange or overlap. The extensions w w, Fig. 3, are the means of attaching the cylinder to the post in the manner shown on the right-hand side of the cap, which is one screw in three at triangles. An upper extension, r, is cast on the front of the water-way q, to receive a screw, as shown, for a fastening at that point, its width in the direction not shown being equal to the external diameter of g.

The plunger o is composed of live partsviz., two nuts, s s, two leather or other cups, t t, and a spool-shaped sleeve, u. The upper cup has a downward extension in the line of o, to cover the waste (in the downstroke) before the pressure between the cups becomes severe enough to drive its edge into the wasteexit.

In making up, the hollow rod lis threaded at each end, as shown. The upper nut is screwed home over the long thread, followed by the upper cup. The sleeve is next slipped on,and

IOO

the lower cup and bot-tom nut complete the plunger. its upper end screwed into d, as shown, is ready to be dropped into the cylinder. To place the cap, rest the fin 7c on the top of the post, drop the spring into its socket, and point the guide g into the top ot" the spring. rlhen, with the cap grasped around the turret, to keep the knob up, and a iin ger pressing down the front end ofthe rocker, lower the back of the cap and compress the spring till the rocker slips under h. The parts are then ready to drop into place and screw'down.

The operation is as follows: The user, leaning or resting with a hand on the knob b, pro duces a pressure which is transmitted to the rocker e, and thence to the spout d at h. The force thus exerted raises the spout, and with it, ofcourse, the plunger below. As the movement of the plunger progresses upward the small lead given to the upper cup causes itto cover' the wasteway before the lower cup has begun to uncover the port, so that no water during the upward motion can escape into the post.J When the stroke is completed the upper cup has passed above the waste and the lower cup above the port, and in this position ofthe parts the water rushes through the port directly into the hollow rod and out at the nozzle, while none can pass through the wasteway on account of the upper cup. On the removal of the hand the tension of the spring and the weight of d, Z, and o produce a reaction, and all the parts resume the position shown. The water i n therod then descends, passing through the gutter p into the space around the lower nut, thence, through the wasteway o, overflowing the cylinder, and finding its linal exit from the post through a notch in the latter at yf, Fig. 2.

There will be more or less wear at three points, and to compensate for this the knob has a take-up in the length of its stein. As

rEhe rod e ui )ed thus and havinO`- the point-s wear the knob will follow for along time; then a much longer time will elapse before the tlow will be sensibly reduced; and, finally, when the stream becomes insufficient the user can have a new hydrant by raising the spout instead of pressing the knob.

It will be seen that this instrulnentis wholly free from the water-hammer, its closure is silent and soft, and all its moving parts can be taken out for repairs and replaced Without turning oft' the water.

Having thus fully described the construction and operation of my new hydrant, I am aware that a patent was granted on ahydrant in 1877 to Samuel W. Lewis, of Cincinnati, Ohio. said hydrant containing a water-chamber consistii'ig of two cylinders of unequal diameters and two pistons of different areas, with certain punctures or slots to permit the How ot water; likewise, that a patent was granted to James P. Kenyon, ot' Brooklyn, .New York, in 1876, fora hydranthaving three cups, a relief-vent, a plunger with openings in its sides, and a closing-duct, all of which devices in each of said patents I distinctly dis claim as entirely dii'erent from and unnecessary toy my present invention; but

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

l. The knob b, combined with the rocker e, spout d, springt', and hollow rod l, constructed and operating substantially as set forth.

2. In combination with a hollow rod, as shown, the plain or single cylinder m, with a waste-gutter, p, a wasteway, o, returning into m, and the plunger o, composed of a sleeve and two cups ofequal areas, all tormed,adapted, and operating substantially as described.

JAMES P. KENYON.

Witnesses:

SMITH COX, J. V. DORLAND. 

